The Rise of On‑Orbit Servicing and Satellite Refueling as a New Space Industry

Looking forward, I think on-orbit servicing will gradually move from niche contracts to an essential utility, just as gas stations became essential once cars proliferated. By 2035, we may see a network of fuel depots along popular orbital lanes, robotic tenders doing upgrades and repairs and new spacecraft designed from day one to be serviced. More importantly, on-orbit reuse, refueling and recycling will make space a more sustainable domain, a prerequisite for humanity’s ambitions beyond Earth. Those who invest now in the capabilities, standards and ethics of this emerging industry will not only create a lot of economic value but also shape the future of how we explore and use the final frontier.