Quantum Photons Deliver the Ultimate Random Number Generator

In this work, a device-independent quantum random number generator (QRNG) utilizing Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference and entangled photon pairs is designed and validated. Polarization-entangled photons are produced by the experimental setup using a 405 nm laser and a BiBO crystal; randomness is verified by quantum state tomography and the violation of CHSH inequality. After being created, post-processed using Toeplitz hashing, and evaluated against NIST statistical standards, two datasets totaling more than 4.5 million bits were shown to be uniform and unpredictable.